This page contains a list of mostly mechanical engineering resources. Some contain lots of technical detail, so if you find yourself scratching your head, contact a relevant supplier for support. They typically have applications engineers with deep technical expertise to help answer questions quickly.

==Design==
===Data and formulae===
* [https://www.schaeffler.com/remotemedien/media/_shared_media/08_media_library/01_publications/schaeffler_2/catalogue_1/downloads_6/stt_de_en.pdf Schaeffler Technical Pocket Guide], a reference manual for mechanical engineers.
* [https://files.misumi-europe.com/download/catalog/WEBINDEX/WEBINDEX-interactive-EN.pdf MISUMI Web Index], an index of MISUMI's machine and automation products, followed by technical information explaining everything you need to know about using them.
* [https://www.comsol.com/multiphysics COMSOL Multiphysics Cyclopedia], an encyclopedia covering the theory behind engineering physics.
* [https://www.roymech.co.uk/ RoyMech website], a mechanical engineering catalogue put together by the late Roy Beardmore.
===Dimensions and tolerances===
* [https://mae.ufl.edu/designlab/Lab%20Assignments/EML2322L-Tolerances.pdf Tolerances of Manufacturing Processes], a short guide explaining tolerances achievable using typical manufacturing processes. Consult your go-to manufacturer if you think your tolerances might be challenging.
* [https://www.gdandtbasics.com/gdt-symbols-chart/ GD&T chart], an illustrated chart explaining the different geometric tolerance types. Beware of subtle differences between ASME Y14.5 and ISO GPS.
* [https://us.misumi-ec.com/pdf/tech/mech/US2010_fa_p3539_3540.pdf Limits and Fits chart], a set of tables for identifying and specifying fits. Having a set of pin and ring gauges to hand, which have varying clearances, is useful for getting a hands-on feel.
===Materials databases===
* [https://www.ulprospector.com/ UL Prospector], a database for finding a material and its supplier.
* [https://www.matweb.com/ MatWeb], a database for finding material properties.
* [https://www.totalmateria.com/ Total Materia], a database for finding proprietary material property data which costs money, which might be useful for detailed analytical calculations/FEA.
===Human Factors===
* [https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20060215100747/http://www.dti.gov.uk/homesafetynetwork/gh_rdata.htm, Strength Data for Design Safety - Phase 1] and [https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20060215100812/http://www.dti.gov.uk/homesafetynetwork/gh_rdata2.htm Strength Data for Design Safety - Phase 2], a set of reports with physical strength data to provide designers with ergonomics information for designing safe easy-to-use products.
: ''If the temperamental links do not work, search the [https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/search/ UK Government Web Archive] for 'Strength Data for Design Safety'''
* [https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/applying-human-factors-and-usability-engineering-medical-devices Applying Human Factors and Usability Engineering to Medical Devices], a guide written by the FDA, specifically for medical device development, but whose techniques can be applied to all products in general.

==Component selection==
===Fasteners===
* [https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/19980040284 NASA Fastener Design Course], a comprehensive course covering all things fastener related, including '...materials, plantings [sic] and coatings, locking methods threads, joint stiffness, rivets, inserts, nut plates, thread lubricants, design criteria, etc.'
===Adhesives===
* [https://www.henkel-adhesives-selector.com/ Henkel Adhesive Selector], a tool for identifying an appropriate adhesive. ''Don't neglect surface preparation (cleaning/abrasion/priming).''
===Seals===
* [https://jameswalker.canto.global/direct/document/1fark0b14t5vhe3bodvop9ga5k/J6CwAqqsVFc26VlJtpVC12-DUZI/original?content-type=application%2Fpdf&name=O-ring_guide.pdf James Walker O-ring Guide], a guide to sealing with O-rings. Follow these steps:
*# Review page 29 to determine the housing arrangement.
*# Use the charts to find an O-ring that fits your geometry.
*# Flick between pages 29 and 30 to finalise the housing dimensions and tolerances.
** Choose as large a cross-section as possible to give yourself as large a tolerance as possible for achieving a nominal squeeze.
** Radial seals are generally more robust than axial seals, and if using a radial seal, choose a piston seal over a rod seal as it's easier to machine and inspect a groove on the OD of a rod than on the ID of a bore.
** Grease the O-ring, even if it's a static seal, to ease assembly. It can also help to seal a gas against a surface finish which is not smooth enough (''vacuum grease'').
** Beware of hysteresis in dynamic applications. The greater the nominal squeeze, the greater the effect.
** There are nuances when it comes to robust seals, so follow the design guide recommendations closely, not forgetting surface finish, lead-ins etc.

==Manufacturing methods==
===Injection Moulding===
* [https://www.dupont.com/content/dam/dupont/amer/us/en/mobility/public/documents/en/General%20Design%20Principles%20Mod%201.pdf DuPont Engineering Polymers - General Design Principles]. In the UK, DuPont also offers a complimentary day course which covers the basics.
* [https://www.protolabs.com/en-gb/resources/design-aids/ Protolabs injection moulding design aids]. It includes:
** An order page for a free 'design cube', an excellent tool for giving you a hands-on feel for the different features that are possible, and general design dos and don'ts.
** A material selection guide.
** An Injection Moulding for Dummies e-book.
*[https://tangram.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/Plastics-Topics-Periodic-Table-Full-December-2021.pdf Periodic Table of Thermoplastics] by Tangram Technology.
===Die Casting===
* [https://cwmdiecast.com/design-center/design-guides/ Metal Die Casting Design Guides] by Chicago White Metal Casting.

==Inspiration and Learning==
===Mechanical Engineering 101===
* [https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLtaR0lZhSyANYB0Xxb9OSp47pHuQmj3Ol Tim Hunkin's The Secret Life of Components], a YouTube playlist explaining basic mechanical components through practical demonstrations.
* [https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLJryl8itrrymdlP9wqJVwKQ9S7YXFOJdZ Tarkka's Mechanical Engineering Design Basics], a YouTube playlist covering mechanical design basics.
===Machines and Mechanisms===
* [https://us.misumi-ec.com/us/incadlibrary/ MISUMI application library], a database of off-the-shelf machines and mechanisms.
* [https://youtube.com/@JaredOwen Jared Owen's YouTube channel], a series of 3D animations demonstrating the inner workings of complex mechanical assemblies.
* [https://youtube.com/@BranchEducation Branch Education YouTube channel], a series of 3D animations showing the inner workings of mostly electronics.
===Reverse Engineering===
* [https://youtube.com/@bigclivedotcom Big Clive's YouTube channel], a channel with teardowns of cheap and cheerful consumer products. The focus is on electronics, but includes some mechanical design too.
* [https://www.fictiv.com/teardowns Fictiv Teardowns], a catalogue of teardowns of high-end consumer products.
* [https://www.youtube.com/@arduinoversusevil2025 AvE's BOLTR series], a YouTube channel with teardowns of hand tools. His BOLTR playlist doesn't include his recent releases, so scroll through his video uploads instead.
* [https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLkiDlGyJnprewfFv2-IPZbc5tHbRqaAgN Munro Live Teardowns], a YouTube channel with teardowns of car components, with a focus on benchmarking and costing.
* [https://youtube.com/@WeberAuto WeberAuto], a YouTube channel with teardowns of car components, with a focus on technical detail for training automotive engineers.
===Textbooks===
* [https://collection.bccampus.ca/ BC Open Collection], a library of free and open-source educational textbooks.
===Academic Research===
* [http://sci-hub.st/about Sci-Hub], a database of free academic papers.
** Note: Accessing Sci-Hub is illegal in many countries, so use a VPN if required. Although research is nearly always taxpayer-funded, with authors receiving no royalties, most papers remain stuck behind publishers' paywalls. Sci-Hub is a way around this issue.
** If you do not wish to use Sci-Hub, an alternative option is to ask the author directly for a copy, either through their university email or ResearchGate. You may also find it through an open-access publisher.
* [https://ntrl.ntis.gov/NTRL/ National Technical Reports Library], a free open-access database of US-funded research.

==Other==
===Medical Device Development===
* [https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLey4Qe-UxcxaB_nSeZK-osQTIcGt5WiRX CDRH Learn: Medical Device Education Basics 101], a YouTube series made by the FDA explaining medical device regulatory requirements.
* [https://www.youtube.com/@NelsonLabs/videos, Nelson Labs' YouTube channel], a series of videos from a microbiological test house, covering topics such as cleaning, disinfection and sterilisation, and biocompatibility testing.
* [https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfMAUDE/search.CFM MAUDE database], an FDA database of suspected medical device-associated deaths, serious injuries and malfunctions.
* [https://youtube.com/@TheAnatomyLab Institute of Human Anatomy YouTube channel], a channel using real human cadavers to teach people about the body.
===Microfluidics===
* [https://youtube.com/@MBLabWSU Microfluidics and BioInstrumentation Lab @ Wayne State University]
===NASA Technical Standards===
* [https://ntrs.nasa.gov/ NASA Technical Reports]
* [https://standards.nasa.gov/nasa-technical-standards NASA Technical Standards]
* [https://workmanship.nasa.gov/lib/insp/2%20books/frameset.html NASA Electronics Workmanship standards], graphical illustrations of acceptable and unacceptable electronics workmanship.
===DIY===
* [https://wiki.diyfaq.org.uk UK DIY Wiki], a Wiki covering all things DIY.

[[Category:Key resources]]

Category:Drugs

2023-06-21T20:07:38Z

Jaf: First issue

Category:Key resources

2023-06-21T20:07:16Z

Jaf: First issue

Manufacturers

2023-06-21T19:58:25Z

Jaf: Added category

==3D Printing and Model Making==
===Intro===
Creating an aesthetic mock-up of a general shape or concept is useful for usability studies and marketing. This is where a Model Maker can help, as creating a good-looking mock-up requires hands-on craftsmanship skills in techniques like painting and finishing.

A local Model Maker may also offer a rapid 3D printing service with next-day shipping, including value-add options like adding threaded inserts, applying a lacquer etc.

===Manufacturers===
* [https://www.compfab.co.uk/ Complete Fabrication]
* [https://www.prototypeprojects.com/ Prototype Projects]
* [https://www.oglemodels.com/ Ogle Models]

===Design tips===
Choose SLA over FDM for superior accuracy and surface finish.

==Machining==
===Intro===
Chinese manufacturers tend to be very cheap and very fast (~2-week lead time), however, they occasionally see tolerances as targets rather than requirements, and it can be challenging to communicate issues if things are not made as per the drawing. That said, the quality is often pleasantly surprising given the value and fast turnaround, so it's often an option worth considering. For rapid prototyping and low-volume manufacturing, there are companies that specialise specifically in serving international customers.

Local British manufacturers tend to be more expensive and slower (~4 week lead time), however, you benefit from being able to pick up the phone to have a quick conversation, which is particularly useful if you have a job which might be challenging.

===Manufacturers===
====Chinese====
* [https://www.3aprototype.com/ 3A Prototype]
* [https://www.hlhprototypes.com/ HLH Prototype]
* [https://uk.arrk.com/ ARRK]
* [https://www.starrapid.com/ Star Rapid]

====British====
* [https://highprecision.co.uk/ High Precision]
* [https://www.pcml.net/ PCML]
* [https://www.formagrind.co.uk/ Formagrind]
* [https://shearline.co.uk/ Shearline]
* [https://www.turncircuit.co.uk/ Turncircuit]
* [https://www.eurotubes-uk.com/ EuroTubes]

===Design tips===
The tolerance achievable is dependent on the specific machining process. More information can be found [[Engineering Library#Dimensions and tolerances|here]].

==Injection Moulding==
===Intro===
Due to the complexity of injection moulding, even after following best practices, there will likely be non-conformities which need to be addressed through iterations in collaboration with the moulder. The typical process involves:
# The moulder performing a preliminary analysis before machining the mould tool, the findings of which will be summarised in a DfM report. It will:
#* Describe the mould tool design to help you identify where there may be artefacts due to gates, parting lines, weld lines, ejector pin marks etc.
#* Highlight any concerns regarding wall thickness and draft and suggest solutions.
#* Highlight any challenging tolerances on your drawings.
#* They may also include a 'part may deform' note, with a few arrows showing the part stretched in a few directions, to cover themselves!
#: ''Review the report and reply, explaining what you have/haven't changed and why.''
# The moulder will then machine the tool and run tool trials. A sample of parts, together with a dimensional report, will be set on completion of each tool trial. The more complex the part, the greater the number of iterations that will likely be required to arrive at an acceptable part.

===Manufacturers===
====Injection moulding====
* [https://uk.arrk.com/ ARRK]
* [https://www.starrapid.com/ Star Rapid]
* [https://welinkgro.com/ We Link]
* [https://www.rosti.com/ Rosti]
* [https://www.globalmanufacturing.co.uk/ Global Precision]
* [https://fenlandrp.co.uk/ Fenland RP]
* [https://www.carclo-ctp.co.uk/ Carclo]
* [https://www.ralabone.co.uk/ Labone]

====Micro injection moulding====
* [https://makuta.com/ Makuta]
* [https://www.pkt-gmbh.de/en/ PKT]
* [https://www.medicalmoulds.com/ Microsystems UK]

===Design tips===
* Review the injection moulding design resources [[Engineering Library#Injection Moulding|here]].
* Aim for a uniform wall thickness and 1° draft angle.
* Take a 'metal-safe' design approach, as it is relatively easy to remove metal from a mould, but difficult to add it. This might maximise the clearances for crush ribs, snap fits etc., but it can be reduced during tool trials if a tighter fit is required.
* Ensure important cosmetic surfaces and sealing surfaces are free from artefacts e.g. gate marks, parting lines, weld lines, ejector pin marks etc.
* If fastening parts together, use EJOT's PT self-tapping screws, following their design guide for the screw bosses.
* Detailed moulding simulations can be performed in software if additional confidence is needed, but remember that FEA software is not a be-all and end-all. It might help identify and solve a few more unforeseen problems, but ultimately it's a tool which still uses assumptions and will not be perfectly realistic. It's often worth learning what's possible directly from tool trials unless complexity and tool modification costs are prohibitive.

==Contract Manufacturing and Assembly==
===Intro===
If your moulder does not offer an assembly service, or if your device is complex, a contract manufacturer can perform the final assembly of your device so you don't have to.

===Manufacturers===
* [https://www.wesleycoe.com/ Wesley Coe]
* [https://www.paramit.com/ Paramit]
* [https://www.penninehealthcare.co.uk/ Pennine Healthcare]
* [https://cogent-technology.co.uk/ Cogent Technology]

===Collaboration tips===
Follow these general steps:
# Audit candidate manufacturers to identify an appropriate one which meets your requirements (quality system, relevant qualifications, goods in/out and inventory management methods, quality control and inspection capabilities, experience in manufacturing products of similar complexity, geographic location etc.).
# Hand over the manufacturing process gradually through a series of trials. The more complex the product, the greater the level of collaboration that will be required to straighten out production issues.
#* Ensure traceability of raw materials (inputs) and finished parts (outputs).
#* Add visual inspections for each process step. Measure critical features, especially in areas where non-conformities persist, addressing them through corrective and preventive action techniques.
#* Create a sampling plan and regularly audit the quality of parts through statistical process control.
# Evaluate the final manufacturing process by running a pilot production build and performing first article inspections.

==Manufacturing brokers==
These brokers are third parties with a supplier network. They post your job on a board which machine shops bid on.
* [https://geomiq.com/ Geomiq]
* [https://www.xometry.com/ Xometry]
* [https://fractory.com/ Fractory]
* [https://www.hubs.com/ Hubs]

==Other==
===Ultrasonic welding===
* [https://www.jskultrasonics.co.uk/ JSK Ultrasonics]
===Polyurethane RIM moulding===
* [https://www.midaspattern.co.uk/ Midas Pattern]
===Sheet metal===
* [https://www.stevenagesheetmetal.com/index.html Stevenage Sheet Metal]
* [https://propak.co.uk/ Propak]
* [https://www.lasermaster.co.uk/ Laser Master]
* [https://klmeng.co.uk/departments/metal-engineering/ KLM Engineering]
===Etching===
* [https://www.photofab.co.uk/ PhotoFab]
===Stainless steel tubing===
* [https://www.stainlesstubeandneedle.co.uk/ Stainless Tube and Needle]
* [https://www.coopersneedleworks.com/ Coopers Needle Works]
===Frame building===
* [https://mbsitem.co.uk/ MBS Item]
===Special Purpose Machinery and Automation===
* [https://huxleybertram.com/ Huxley Bertram]
* [https://www.3pinnovation.com/ 3P Innovation]
* [https://www.innomech.co.uk/ GB Innomech]

''The intention of this page is to highlight typical manufacturing methods and to signpost a few examples for each. Many manufacturers offer a range of services, not just the ones they are categorised under. This information does not constitute an endorsement or recommendation of their services.''

[[Category:Key resources]]

Component suppliers

2023-06-21T19:58:00Z

Jaf: Added category

==Mechanical==
===General===
* [https://uk.rs-online.com RS]
* [https://us.misumi-ec.com MISUMI]
* [https://www.wixroyd.com Wixroyd]

===Fasteners and Fixings===
* [https://www.accu.co.uk Accu]
* [http://www.microfastenings.com Microfastenings]
* [https://www.fasteningsolutionsuk.com Fastening Solutions UK]

===Machine tools===
* [https://www.cutwel.co.uk Cutwel]
* [https://www.arceurotrade.co.uk Arc Euro Trade]

===Springs===
* [https://www.leespring.co.uk/ Lee Spring]
* [https://www.sosltd.co.uk Small Order Springs]

===Bearings and Seals===
* [https://simplybearings.co.uk Simply Bearings]
* [https://www.polymax.co.uk Polymax]
* [https://www.bearingboys.co.uk/ Bearing Boys]

===Flow control===
* [https://www.neoperl.com Neoperl]
* [https://www.minivalve.com Minivalve]
* [https://vernay.com Vernay]
* [https://www.belloframdiaphragm.com Bellofram]

===Pneumatics===
* [https://www.festo.com Festo]
* [https://www.smc.eu SMC]
* [https://www.johnguest.com/gb/en John Guest], they are an OEM for their push-fit connectors, so you can integrate them into your own products.

===Other===
* [https://www.rhti.co.uk RHTI], membrane keypads

==Electronic==
===General===
* [https://www.mouser.co.uk Mouser]
* [https://uk.farnell.com Farnell]
* [https://www.rapidonline.com/ Rapid Electronics]
===Motors===
* [https://en.nanotec.com Nanotec]
* [https://www.ems-limited.co.uk EMS]
* [https://www.omc-stepperonline.com Stepper Online]
* [https://www.zaber.com/ Zaber]

==Hobbyist==
* [https://shop.pimoroni.com/ Pimoroni]
* [https://ooznest.co.uk/ Ooznest]

''This information does not constitute an endorsement or recommendation.''

[[Category:Key resources]]

Engineering Library

2023-06-21T19:57:22Z

Jaf: Added catagory

This page contains a list of mostly mechanical engineering resources. Some contain lots of technical detail. If you find yourself scratching your head, contact a relevant supplier for support. They typically have applications engineers with deep technical expertise to help answer questions quickly.

==Design==
===Data and formulae===
* [https://www.schaeffler.com/remotemedien/media/_shared_media/08_media_library/01_publications/schaeffler_2/catalogue_1/downloads_6/stt_de_en.pdf Schaeffler Technical Pocket Guide], a reference manual for mechanical engineers with a beautiful layout.
* [https://www.comsol.com/multiphysics COMSOL Multiphysics Cyclopedia], an encyclopedia covering the theory behind engineering physics.
* [https://roymech.org/ RoyMech website], a mechanical engineering catalogue put together by the late Roy Beardmore.
===Dimensions and tolerances===
* [https://mae.ufl.edu/designlab/Lab%20Assignments/EML2322L-Tolerances.pdf Tolerances of Manufacturing Processes], a short guide explaining tolerances achievable using typical manufacturing processes. Consult your go-to manufacturer if you think your tolerances might be challenging.
* [https://www.gdandtbasics.com/gdt-symbols-chart/ GD&T chart], a well-illustrated chart explaining the different geometric tolerance types. Beware of subtle differences between ASME Y14.5 and ISO GPS.
* [https://us.misumi-ec.com/pdf/tech/mech/US2010_fa_p3539_3540.pdf Limits and Fits chart], a set of tables for identifying and specifying fits. Having a set of pin and ring gauges to hand, which have varying clearances, is useful for getting a hands-on feel.
===Materials databases===
* [https://www.ulprospector.com/ UL Prospector], a database for finding a material and its supplier.
* [https://www.matweb.com/ MatWeb], a database for finding material properties.
* [https://www.totalmateria.com/ Total Materia], a database for finding more detailed and proprietary material property data, which costs, but might be useful for detailed analytical calculations/FEA.
===Human Factors===
* [https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20021221085815/http://www.dti.gov.uk:80/homesafetynetwork/pg_rdata.htm, Strength Data for Design Safety - Phase 1] and [https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20060215100812/http://www.dti.gov.uk/homesafetynetwork/gh_rdata2.htm Strength Data for Design Safety - Phase 2], a set of reports with physical strength data to provide designers with ergonomics information for designing safe easy-to-use products.
* [https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/applying-human-factors-and-usability-engineering-medical-devices Applying Human Factors and Usability Engineering to Medical Devices], a guide written by the FDA specifically for medical device development, but whose techniques can be applied to all products in general.

==Component selection==
===Fasteners===
* [https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/19980040284 NASA Fastener Design Course], a comprehensive course covering all things fastener related, including '...materials, plantings and coatings, locking methods threads, joint stiffness, rivets, inserts, nut plates, thread lubricants, design criteria, etc.'
===Adhesives===
* [https://www.henkel-adhesives-selector.com/ Henkel Adhesive Selector], a tool for identifying an appropriate adhesive. Don't neglect surface preparation (cleaning/abrasion/priming).
===Seals===
* [https://jameswalker.canto.global/direct/document/1fark0b14t5vhe3bodvop9ga5k/J6CwAqqsVFc26VlJtpVC12-DUZI/original?content-type=application%2Fpdf&name=O-ring_guide.pdf James Walker O-ring Guide], a guide to sealing with O-rings. Follow these steps:
# Review page 29 to determine the housing arrangement
# Use the charts to find an O-ring that fits your geometry
# Flick between pages 29 and 30 to finalise the housing dimensions and tolerances
* Tips:
** Choose as large a cross-section as possible to give yourself as large a tolerance as possible for achieving a nominal squeeze.
** Radial seals are generally more robust than axial seals, and if using a radial seal, choose a piston seal over a rod seal as it's easier to machine and inspect a groove on the OD of a rod than on the ID of a bore.
** Grease the O-ring, even if it's a static seal, to ease assembly. It can also help to seal a gas against a surface finish which is not smooth enough (''vacuum grease'').
** Beware of hysteresis in dynamic applications. The greater the nominal squeeze, the greater the effect.
** There are nuances when it comes to robust seals, so follow the design guide recommendations closely, not forgetting surface finish, lead-ins etc.

==Manufacturing methods==
===Injection Moulding===
* [https://www.dupont.com/content/dam/dupont/amer/us/en/mobility/public/documents/en/General%20Design%20Principles%20Mod%201.pdf DuPont Engineering Polymers - General Design Principles]. * In the UK, DuPont also offers a complimentary day course which covers the basics of designing for injection moulding.
* [https://www.protolabs.com/en-gb/resources/design-aids/ Protolabs injection moulding design aids]. It includes:
** An order page for a free 'design cube', an excellent tool for giving you a hands-on feel for the different features that are possible, and general design dos and don'ts.
** A material selection guide.
** An Injection Moulding for Dummies e-book.
*[https://tangram.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/Plastics-Topics-Periodic-Table-Full-December-2021.pdf Periodic Table of Thermoplastics] by Tangram Technology.
===Die Casting===
* [https://cwmdiecast.com/design-center/design-guides/ Metal Die Casting Design Guides] by Chicago White Metal Casting.

==Inspiration and Learning==
===Mechanical Engineering 101===
* [https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLtaR0lZhSyANYB0Xxb9OSp47pHuQmj3Ol Tim Hunkin's The Secret Life of Components], a YouTube playlist explaining basic mechanical components through practical demonstrations.
* [https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLJryl8itrrymdlP9wqJVwKQ9S7YXFOJdZ Tarkka's Mechanical Engineering Design Basics], a YouTube playlist covering the fundamentals.
===Machines and Mechanisms===
* [https://us.misumi-ec.com/us/incadlibrary/ MISUMI application library], a database of ready-made machines and mechanisms.
* [https://youtube.com/@JaredOwen Jared Owen's YouTube channel], a series of beautiful 3D animations demonstrating the inner workings of complex mechanical assemblies.
* [https://youtube.com/@BranchEducation Branch Education YouTube channel], 3D animations showing the inner workings of mostly electronics.
===Reverse Engineering===
* [https://youtube.com/@bigclivedotcom Big Clive's YouTube channel], a channel with teardowns of cheap and cheerful consumer products. The focus is on electronics, but includes some mechanical design too.
* [https://www.fictiv.com/teardowns Fictiv Teardowns], a catalogue of teardowns of high-end consumer products.
* [https://www.youtube.com/@arduinoversusevil2025 AvE's BOLTR series], a YouTube channel with a teardowns of mechanical hand tools. His BOLTR playlist doesn't include his recent releases, so scroll through his video uploads instead.
* [https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLkiDlGyJnprewfFv2-IPZbc5tHbRqaAgN Munro Live Teardowns], a YouTube playlist covering teardowns of car components, with a focus on benchmarking and costing.
* [https://youtube.com/@WeberAuto WeberAuto], a YouTube channel with teardowns of car components, with a focus on technical detail for training automotive engineers.
===Textbooks===
* [https://collection.bccampus.ca/ BC Open Collection], a library of free and open-source educational textbooks.
===Academic Research===
* [http://sci-hub.st/about Sci-Hub], a database of free academic papers.
** Note: Accessing Sci-Hub is illegal in many countries, so use a VPN if required. Although research is nearly always taxpayer-funded, with authors receiving no royalties, most papers remain stuck behind publishers' paywalls. Sci-Hub is a way around this issue.
** If you do not wish to use Sci-Hub, an alternative option is to ask the author directly for a copy, either through their university email or ResearchGate. You may also find it through an open-access publisher.
* [https://ntrl.ntis.gov/NTRL/ National Technical Reports Library], a free open-access database of US-funded research.

==Other==
===Medical Device Development===
* [https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLey4Qe-UxcxaB_nSeZK-osQTIcGt5WiRX CDRH Learn: Medical Device Education Basics 101], a YouTube series made by the FDA explaining medical device regulatory requirements.
* [https://www.youtube.com/@NelsonLabs/videos, Nelson Labs' YouTube channel], a series of videos from a microbiological test house, covering topics such as Cleaning, Disinfection and Sterilisation, and Biocompatibility testing.
* [https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfMAUDE/search.CFM MAUDE database], an FDA database of suspected medical device-associated deaths, serious injuries and malfunctions.
* [https://youtube.com/@TheAnatomyLab Institute of Human Anatomy YouTube channel], a channel using real human cadavers to teach people about the body.
===Microfluidics===
* [https://youtube.com/@MBLabWSU Microfluidics and BioInstrumentation Lab @ Wayne State University]
===NASA Technical Standards===
* [https://ntrs.nasa.gov/ NASA Technical Reports]
* [https://standards.nasa.gov/nasa-technical-standards NASA Technical Standards]
* [https://workmanship.nasa.gov/lib/insp/2%20books/frameset.html NASA Electronics Workmanship standards], graphical illustrations of acceptable and unacceptable electronics workmanship.
===DIY===
* [https://wiki.diyfaq.org.uk UK DIY Wiki], a Wiki covering all things DIY.

[[Category:Key resources]]

Main Page

2023-06-21T17:40:30Z

2023-06-15T21:12:47Z

Jaf:

Engineering Library

2023-06-15T20:35:52Z

Jaf: Slowly updating to include more of Jaf's personal eng library and bookmarks

Engineering Library

2023-06-14T21:27:44Z

Jaf: First issue

Below is a list of engineering resources. Some contain quite a lot of technical detail, so if you find yourself scratching your head for longer than you initially anticipated, contact a supplier's applications engineer for support. Pick up the phone if you can! You'll get answers faster that way.

==Data and formulae==
* [https://roymech.org/ RoyMech], a mechanical engineering catalogue put together by the late Roy Beardmore.
* [https://www.schaeffler.com/remotemedien/media/%20shared%20media/08%20media%20library/01%20publications/schaeffler%202/catalogue%201/downloads%206/stt%20de%20en.pdf Schaeffler Technical Pocket Guide], a comprehensive reference manual for mechanical engineers. Its beautiful layout makes it easy to use.
* [https://www.comsol.com/multiphysics COMSOL Multiphysics Cyclopedia], a basic guide to the theory behind engineering physics.

==Dimensions and tolerancing==
* [https://www.gdandtbasics.com/gdt-symbols-chart/ GD&T chart], a clear and well-illustrated GD&T chart.

==Fasteners and Fixings==

==Bearings and Seals==
* [https://jameswalker.canto.global/direct/document/1fark0b14t5vhe3bodvop9ga5k/J6CwAqqsVFc26VlJtpVC12-DUZI/original?content-type=application%2Fpdf&name=O-ring_guide.pdf James Walker O-ring Guide], a guide to O-rings sealing. Follow these steps:
# Review page 29 to determine the housing arrangement
# Use the charts to find an O-ring that fits your geometry
# Flick between pages 29 and 30 to finalise the housing dimensions and tolerances
: I prefer this workflow to the classic Parker Handbook. There are a lot of nuances when it comes to sealing properly and robustly, so follow the guide as closely as possible.

==Adhesives, Sealants and Tapes==

Drug types

2023-06-14T16:28:01Z

Jaf: Added category

==Types==

There are broadly two types of drugs. Biologics (aka. Large Molecules) and Small Molecules.

[[File:Drug molecule comparison.png|center|frame|Drug molecule comparison. Biologic left, Small molecule right]]

==Comparison==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ style="caption-side:bottom"|''General characteristics of biologic and small molecule drugs''
!colspan="2"|
!colspan="1"|Biologics
!colspan="1"|Small Molecules
|-
|rowspan="2"|Design and Manufacture
|Design
|They have '''large complex structures''' with intricate folds held together by weaker non-covalent bonds. ''Typically 20-100 atoms.''
|They have '''small simpler structures''' with mostly fewer and stronger covalent bonds. ''Can have 1000’s or even 10,000s of atoms.''
|-
|Manufacture
|Made by a '''complex bioprocess using living organisms.'''
|Made by '''simpler chemical synthesis.'''
|-
|rowspan="4"|Effectiveness
|Efficacy
|'''Revolutionary, especially for chronic hard-to-treat diseases''' (e.g. cancer and autoimmune diseases).
|Medications exist for both acute and chronic diseases.
|-
|Side effects
|'''Lower toxicity and side effects.''' Their bespoke complex structure results in high selectivity, binding mostly to just what they're designed to.
|'''Greater toxicity and side effects.''' Their smaller and simpler structure results in lower selectivity, interacting and binding with more unintentional off-target sites.
|-
|Storage
|Their large delicate structure make them '''sensitive to physical conditions''' (temperature, shear stress, light etc.).
|Their small structure, mostly composed of strong covalent bonds, makes them more robust and '''less sensitive to physical conditions.'''
|-
|Administration
|'''Injected, therefore less patient friendly.''' Their complex and fragile folded structure cant survive the digestive tract, and their large structure cant be absorbed through it either.
|'''Swallowed/Inhaled/Absorbed through the skin, therefore more patient friendly.''' Their small and stable structure is often able to survive the digestive tract, and they can be absorbed through it too.
|-
|rowspan="2"|Business
|Market size
|'''Minority of drugs.''' Relatively novel but are becoming increasingly common.
|'''Majority of drugs''' currently on the market.
|-
|Cost
|'''Extremely expensive.''' Complex to design, manufacture, and administer. Furthermore, on patent expiry, they are still challenging manufacture, with biosimilars only reducing cost by tens of percent.
|'''Cheap.''' Simpler to design, manufacture and administer. Furthermore, after patent expiry, they are easier to copy, with generics often reducing cost by an order of magnitude.
|-
|}

[[Category:Drugs]]

Drug delivery

2023-06-14T16:27:57Z

Jaf: Added category

==Routes of administration==

Local delivery, directly to the area needed, can help minimise the spread of the drug to other areas of the body, thereby minimising side effects. Methods include topical application of a drug directly to the skin, or inhalation.

Systemic delivery, on the other hand, results in the drug being circulated around the whole body through the blood. Methods include oral administration and injections.

[[File:Local_vs._Systemic.png|center|frame|Local vs. Systemic drug delivery methods]]

While the route of administration determines where the drug first enters the body, how much of it remains local compared to how much ends up being circulated around the body is dependent on the bioavailability of the drug itself.

==Device types==

Inhalers
* Pressurised metered dose inhalers (pMDIs)
* Soft mist inhalers (SMIs)
* Dry powder inhalers (DPIs)
* Nebulisers
* Nasal inhalers/sprays
Injectors
* Prefilled syringes
* Autoinjectors
* Infusion sets/pumps
Other simple devices
* Pipettes/droppers for eyes and ears
* Transdermal patches for skin
* Catheters for general transfer of fluids

[[Category:Drugs]]

Main Page

2023-06-14T14:47:20Z

Jaf:

<strong>Welcome to Jaf's Wiki. </strong>

This site provides useful information related to engineering, new product development, medical devices, and more.

You can access wiki articles by any of the following:

* [[Special:Allpages|Index of all pages]]
* [[Special:Categories|Contents by Subject Category]]
*Entering a keyword in the search box to find particular [[Special:Allpages|topics]] (e.g. [[Drug types|'Drug types']])

Check out [https://jafarradam.com/ Jaf's blog] here.

Drug delivery

2023-06-14T14:35:36Z

Jaf: Created page with "==Routes of administration== Local delivery, directly to the area needed, can help minimise the spread of the drug to other areas of the body, thereby minimising side effects. Methods include topical application of a drug directly to the skin, or inhalation. Systemic delivery, on the other hand, results in the drug being circulated around the whole body through the blood. Methods include oral administration and injections. File:Local_vs._Systemic.png|center|frame|Lo..."

File:Local vs. Systemic.png

2023-06-14T14:23:49Z

Jaf: Local vs. Systemic drug delivery methods

== Summary ==
Local vs. Systemic drug delivery methods

Drug types

2023-06-14T13:41:31Z

Jaf: First issue

==Types==

There are broadly two types of drugs. Biologics (aka. Large Molecules) and Small Molecules.

[[File:Drug molecule comparison.png|center|frame|Drug molecule comparison. Biologic left, Small molecule right]]

==Comparison==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ style="caption-side:bottom"|''General characteristics of biologic and small molecule drugs''
!colspan="2"|
!colspan="1"|Biologics
!colspan="1"|Small Molecules
|-
|rowspan="2"|Design and Manufacture
|Design
|They have '''large complex structures''' with intricate folds held together by weaker non-covalent bonds. ''Typically 20-100 atoms.''
|They have '''small simpler structures''' with mostly fewer and stronger covalent bonds. ''Can have 1000’s or even 10,000s of atoms.''
|-
|Manufacture
|Made by a '''complex bioprocess using living organisms.'''
|Made by '''simpler chemical synthesis.'''
|-
|rowspan="4"|Effectiveness
|Efficacy
|'''Revolutionary, especially for chronic hard-to-treat diseases''' (e.g. cancer and autoimmune diseases).
|Medications exist for both acute and chronic diseases.
|-
|Side effects
|'''Lower toxicity and side effects.''' Their bespoke complex structure results in high selectivity, binding mostly to just what they're designed to.
|'''Greater toxicity and side effects.''' Their smaller and simpler structure results in lower selectivity, interacting and binding with more unintentional off-target sites.
|-
|Storage
|Their large delicate structure make them '''sensitive to physical conditions''' (temperature, shear stress, light etc.).
|Their small structure, mostly composed of strong covalent bonds, makes them more robust and '''less sensitive to physical conditions.'''
|-
|Administration
|'''Injected, therefore less patient friendly.''' Their complex and fragile folded structure cant survive the digestive tract, and their large structure cant be absorbed through it either.
|'''Swallowed/Inhaled/Absorbed through the skin, therefore more patient friendly.''' Their small and stable structure is often able to survive the digestive tract, and they can be absorbed through it too.
|-
|rowspan="2"|Business
|Market size
|'''Minority of drugs.''' Relatively novel but are becoming increasingly common.
|'''Majority of drugs''' currently on the market.
|-
|Cost
|'''Extremely expensive.''' Complex to design, manufacture, and administer. Furthermore, on patent expiry, they are still challenging manufacture, with biosimilars only reducing cost by tens of percent.
|'''Cheap.''' Simpler to design, manufacture and administer. Furthermore, after patent expiry, they are easier to copy, with generics often reducing cost by an order of magnitude.
|-
|}

File:Drug molecule comparison.png

2023-06-14T12:22:39Z

Jaf: Source: 2023-06-14, 'Biological Products - Specific Labeling Resources', https://www.fda.gov/drugs/fdas-labeling-resources-human-prescription-drugs/biological-products-specific-labeling-resources

== Summary ==
Source: 2023-06-14, 'Biological Products - Specific Labeling Resources', https://www.fda.gov/drugs/fdas-labeling-resources-human-prescription-drugs/biological-products-specific-labeling-resources

Jafs Wiki:About

2023-06-14T12:04:01Z

Jaf:

Welcome to Jaf's Wiki, a spin-off from [https://jafarradam.com/ Jaf's blog].

This site provides supplementary information for projects I've worked on or blog posts I've written.

Jafs Wiki:About

2023-05-09T17:52:25Z

Jaf:

Welcome to Jaf's Wiki!

This site provides useful information mostly related to engineering and new product development.

Jafs Wiki:General disclaimer

2023-05-09T17:52:02Z

Jaf:

This site is intended for general information purposes only.

Whilst we endeavour to keep the information up to date and correct, any reliance you place on either the information on this website, any third-party content contained on this website, or any services provided by this website, is strictly at your own risk.